01 December 2004
The role of inflammation in atherothrombosis: current and future strategies of medical treatment
Tobias Geisler, Deepak L. BhattMed Sci Monit 2004; 10(12): RA308-316 :: ID: 13243
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a pathological process caused by vascular remodeling. It symbolizes one of the major causes for morbidity and mortality in the western world. The causes for these vascular problems are manifold and different etiologies have been discussed. Since the 1980s the role of chronic inflammation has been considered and is now confirmed by many studies and experimental data. Several inflammatory pathways have been shown to participate in the atherosclerotic process. Different markers for inflammation have been found to predict the future risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Among these, high sensitivity C-reactive protein has been the most extensively validated. Newer markers such as CD40 ligand appear also to provide important information regarding risk stratification. Medications have been found to lower levels of inflammatory markers and perhaps decrease the associated clinical risk. Statins particularly appear to have anti-inflammatory mediated benefits, though other classes of drugs are also being evaluated. Lipid-lowering therapy in general has been found to be associated with reductions in inflammatory markers. Antithrombotic therapy, such as intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and clopidogrel, has also been demonstrated to reduce inflammatory marker release. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists are being evaluated for possible roles in targeting arterial inflammation. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may also have anti-inflammatory properties. In this article we review the existing data in the inflammatory model of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we discuss the prognostic value of different inflammatory markers and the potential benefit of anti-inflammatory therapies in cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: Arteriosclerosis - diagnosis, Thrombosis - immunology, Arteriosclerosis - immunology, Biological Markers - analysis, Inflammation - drug therapy, Prognosis, Thrombosis - immunology
Editorial
01 January 2023 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Two Adjuvanted Malaria Vaccines and the World Health Organization (WHO) Strategy to Eradicate Malaria by 2030DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939357
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939357
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
26 January 2023 : Editorial
Editorial: The XBB.1.5 (‘Kraken’) Subvariant of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 and its Rapid Global SpreadMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939580
19 January 2023 : Clinical Research
Evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life and Mental Health in 729 Medical Students in Indonesia During ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938892
19 January 2023 : Clinical Research
Determining the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Care in the Serbian Adult Population: An Online Q...Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939238
27 December 2022 : Clinical Research
Effect of Physiotherapy to Correct Rounded Shoulder Posture in 30 Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic in ...Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e938926
In Press
27 Jan 2023 : Database Analysis
Association Between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and All-Cause Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Chr...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938554
27 Jan 2023 : Clinical Research
Proposal for a Simple Equation for Limb Muscle Weight CalculationMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.938606
26 Jan 2023 : Editorial
Editorial: The XBB.1.5 (‘Kraken’) Subvariant of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 and its Rapid Global SpreadMed Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939580
20 Jan 2023 : Clinical Research
A Study of 42 Partially Edentulous Patients with Single-Crown Restorations and Implants to Compare Bone Los...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939225
Most Viewed Current Articles
13 Nov 2021 : Clinical Research
Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination and Its Associated Factors Among Cancer Patients Attending the Oncology ...DOI :10.12659/MSM.932788
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e932788
30 Dec 2021 : Clinical Research
Retrospective Study of Outcomes and Hospitalization Rates of Patients in Italy with a Confirmed Diagnosis o...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935379
Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e935379
08 Mar 2022 : Review article
A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Man...DOI :10.12659/MSM.936292
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936292
01 Jan 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Oral Antiviral Drug Treatments for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Hospitalized Pa...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935952
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935952