02 May 2003
Niacin deficiency enhances spontaneous and nitrosourea-induced micronuclei in rat bone marrow
L. Toxopeus, J. KirklandMed Sci Monit 2003; 9(1): 72-0 :: ID: 15215
Abstract
Niacin deficiency in rats decreases bone marrow NAD+, impairing PARP function. Using the micronucleus (MN) assay, this study examined altered dietary niacin status on genomic stability in rats. Weanling male Long-Evans rats were fed niacin deficient (ND), or pair-fed niacin replete (PF) diet for 3 weeks. Bone marrow MN frequency in polychromatic erythrocytes (MN-PCEs) was increased significantly (4.4-fold) by deficiency alone. As the decrease in marrow NAD+ levels was dramatic (80%), the model was extended to include adolescent rats, using 2 diets which cause moderate and mild deficiencies. ND rats with a moderate decrease in marrow NAD+ (55%), showed a significant increase in MN-PCE (1.9-fold). However, ND rats with a mild decrease in NAD+ (25%) did not have a significantly enhanced MN-PCE frequency (1.2-fold). These experiments have identified the range of marrow NAD+ levels that lead to this type of genomic instability. To further characterize the interaction between niacin status and MN formation, ethylnitrosourea (ENU) treatment (30 mg/kg) was used to induce DNA damage. ND, in the weanling model, caused a dramatic increase (3.6-fold) in ENU-induced MN-PCEs (likely clastogenic in nature). This study emphasizes the importance of niacin in the maintenance of genomic stability in rats. We are working on identification of aneugenic versus clastogenic MN to help define the mechanisms by which ND increases genomic instability. Other data from our laboratory using comet analysis suggests that clastogenicity will not account for the large increase in genomic instability due to ND alone.
Keywords: niacin deficiency, NAD+, ethylnitrosourea (ENU), micronuclei (MN)
Editorial
01 April 2024 : Editorial
Editorial: Forty Years of Waiting for Prevention and Cure of HIV Infection – Ongoing Challenges and Hopes for Vaccine Development and Overcoming Antiretroviral Drug ResistanceDOI: 10.12659/MSM.944600
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e944600
In Press
21 Mar 2024 : Meta-Analysis
Economic Evaluation of COVID-19 Screening Tests and Surveillance Strategies in Low-Income, Middle-Income, a...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943863
10 Apr 2024 : Clinical Research
Predicting Acute Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19: Insights from a Specialized Cardiac Referral Dep...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.942612
06 Mar 2024 : Clinical Research
Enhanced Surgical Outcomes of Popliteal Cyst Excision: A Retrospective Study Comparing Arthroscopic Debride...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.941102
06 Mar 2024 : Clinical Research
Prevalence and Variation of Medical Comorbidities in Oral Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Study at Jazan ...Med Sci Monit In Press; DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943884
Most Viewed Current Articles
17 Jan 2024 : Review article
Vaccination Guidelines for Pregnant Women: Addressing COVID-19 and the Omicron VariantDOI :10.12659/MSM.942799
Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942799
14 Dec 2022 : Clinical Research
Prevalence and Variability of Allergen-Specific Immunoglobulin E in Patients with Elevated Tryptase LevelsDOI :10.12659/MSM.937990
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937990
16 May 2023 : Clinical Research
Electrophysiological Testing for an Auditory Processing Disorder and Reading Performance in 54 School Stude...DOI :10.12659/MSM.940387
Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940387
01 Jan 2022 : Editorial
Editorial: Current Status of Oral Antiviral Drug Treatments for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Hospitalized Pa...DOI :10.12659/MSM.935952
Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e935952