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22 December 2011

A new oral otoprotective agent. Part 1: Electrophysiology data from protection against noise-induced hearing loss

Vincenza CascellaABE, Pietro GiordanoAB, Stavros HatzopoulosCDEF, Joseph PetruccelliCDE, Silvano ProsserD, Edi SimoniB, Laura AstolfiBD, Anna Rita FetoniD, Henryk SkarżyńskiDE, Alessandro MartiniDE

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.882180

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(1): BR1-8

Abstract

Background: Data from animal studies show that antioxidants can compensate against noise-induced stress and sensory hair cell death. The aim of this study was to evaluate the otoprotection efficacy of various versions of orally administered Acuval 400® against noise damage in a rat animal model.
Material/Methods: Fifty-five Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: A) noise-exposed animals; B) animals exposed to noise and treated with the Acuval; C) animals exposed to noise and treated with a combination of Coenzyme Q10 and Acuval; D) animals treated only with Acuval and Coenzyme Q10 and with no exposure to noise. All solutions were administered orally 5 times: 24 and 2 hrs prior to noise exposure, and then daily for 3 days. The auditory function was assessed by measuring auditory brainstem responses (ABR) in the range from 2 to 32 kHz at times =1, 7, 14 and 21 days after noise exposure.
Results: At low frequencies (click and 4 kHz) animals from both A and B groups showed significant threshold shifts in the majority of the tested frequencies and tested times. For the same frequencies, animals from group C presented threshold levels similar to those from group D. At frequencies ≥8 kHz the protective performance of the 2 Acuval groups is more clearly distinguished from the noise group A. At 32 kHz the 2 Acuval groups perform equally well in terms of otoprotection. Animals in Group D did not show any significant differences in the hearing threshold during the experiment.
Conclusions: The data of this study suggest that a solution containing Coenzyme Q10 and Acuval 400®, administered orally, protects from noise-induced hearing loss.

Keywords: Protective Agents - pharmacology, Models, Statistical, Likelihood Functions, Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced - prevention & control, Hair Cells, Auditory - drug effects, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem - physiology, Ubiquinone - pharmacology, Vitamins - pharmacology

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