Causes of Death Following Gastric Cancer Diagnosis: A Population-Based Analysis

Ting Lou; Xueqian Hu; Ning Lu; Tingsu Zhang

doi:10.12659/MSM.939848

23 May 2023: Epidemiology

Causes of Death Following Gastric Cancer Diagnosis: A Population-Based Analysis

Ting Lou ^12BCE , Xueqian Hu ^12DEF , Ning Lu ^12EF , Tingsu Zhang ^12AG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.939848

Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e939848

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Table 2 Standardized-mortality ratios (SMRs) for each cause of death following gastric cancer diagnosis.

	Timing of deaths after diagnosis
Cause of death	<1 year		1–5 years
Selected Events	Observed	SMR (95% CI)	Observed	SMR (95% CI)
All causes of death	21 851	23.00 (22.70–23.31)^*	11 157	7.55 (7.41–7.70)^*
All malignant cancers	19 836	94.45 (93.14–95.77)^*	9 697	29.95 (29.36–30.56)^*
Stomach	16 377	NA	7 444	NA
Other malignant cancers	3 459	17.03 (16.47–17.61)^*	2 253	7.20 (6.90–7.50)^*
In situ benign or unknown behavior neoplasm	28	6.36 (4.23–9.19)^*	13	1.8 (0.96–3.08)
Tuberculosis	1	1.23 (0.03–6.84)	5	4.04 (1.31–9.42)^*
Syphilis	0	0 (0.00–101.05)	0	0 (0.00–79.23)
Septicemia	79	7.37 (5.84–9.19)^*	30	1.70 (1.15–2.43)^*
Other infectious and parasitic diseases	35	6.19 (4.31–8.60)^*	26	2.91 (1.90–4.27)^*
Diabetes mellitus	50	1.96 (1.45–2.58)^*	33	0.8 (0.55–1.12)
Alzheimer’s	9	0.47 (0.22–0.90)^*	17	0.50 (0.29–0.80)^*
Diseases of heart	784	2.45 (2.28–2.63)^*	516	1.07 (0.98–1.16)
Hypertension without heart disease	26	3.18 (2.08–4.66)^*	15	1.08 (0.61–1.78)
Cerebrovascular diseases	170	2.34 (2.00–2.72)^*	131	1.18 (0.98–1.40)
Atherosclerosis	21	2.64 (1.63–4.03)^*	9	0.81 (0.37–1.54)
Aortic aneurysm and dissection	16	2.32 (1.32–3.76)^*	10	0.98 (0.47–1.80)
Other diseases of arteries arterioles capillaries	14	3.54 (1.93–5.93)^*	5	0.83 (0.27–1.95)
Pneumonia and influenza	97	2.94 (2.38–3.58)^*	95	1.82 (1.47–2.22)^*
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	95	1.99 (1.61–2.44)^*	84	1.1 (0.88–1.36)
Stomach and duodenal ulcers	17	7.19 (4.19–11.51)^*	3	0.85 (0.18–2.49)
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis	35	4.19 (2.92–5.83)^*	26	2.16 (1.41–3.17)^*
Nephritis nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis	41	2.67 (1.91–3.62)^*	35	1.38 (0.96–1.93)
Complications of pregnancy childbirth puerperium	1	110.52 (2.80–615.76)^*	1	88.87 (2.25–495.18)^*
Congenital anomalies	5	6.44 (2.09–15.02)^*	1	0.85 (0.02–4.73)
Certain conditions originating in perinatal period	0	0 (0.00–1393.97)	0	0 (0.00–999.05)
Symptoms signs and ill-defined conditions	37	3.92 (2.76–5.40)^*	28	1.93 (1.29–2.80)^*
Accidents and adverse effects	46	2.00 (1.46–2.67)^*	58	1.64 (1.25–2.12)^*
Suicide and self-inflicted injury	39	7.12 (5.06–9.73)^*	21	2.68 (1.66–4.09)^*
Homicide and legal intervention	1	0.71 (0.02–3.96)	4	2.17 (0.59–5.57)
Other cause of death	368	3.43 (3.09–3.80)^*	294	1.66 (1.48–1.86)^*



All causes of death	3 916	1.72 (1.66–1.77)^*	36 924	7.84 (7.76–7.92)^*
All malignant cancers	1 544	3.46 (3.28–3.63)^*	31 077	31.69 (31.34–32.05)^*
Stomach	804	NA	24 625	NA
Other malignant cancers	740	1.71 (1.59–1.84)^*	6 452	6.80 (6.63–6.97)^*
In situ benign or unknown behavior neoplasm	20	1.6 (0.98–2.47)	61	2.53 (1.93–3.25)^*
Tuberculosis	2	1.32 (0.16–4.78)	8	2.24 (0.97–4.42)
Syphilis	0	0 (0.00–76.67)	0	0 (0.00–28.12)
Septicemia	61	2.06 (1.57–2.64)^*	170	2.93 (2.51–3.41)^*
Other infectious and parasitic diseases	29	2.21 (1.48–3.17)^*	90	3.25 (2.61–3.99)^*
Diabetes mellitus	50	0.77 (0.57–1.02)	133	1.01 (0.84–1.20)
Alzheimer’s	113	1.41 (1.16–1.70)^*	139	1.05 (0.88–1.23)
Diseases of heart	804	1.12 (1.04–1.20)^*	2 104	1.38 (1.33–1.44)^*
Hypertension without heart disease	39	1.44 (1.02–1.97)^*	80	1.63 (1.29–2.03)^*
Cerebrovascular diseases	200	1.16 (1.00–1.33)^*	501	1.41 (1.29–1.53)^*
Atherosclerosis	18	1.23 (0.73–1.95)	48	1.42 (1.05–1.89)^*
Aortic aneurysm and dissection	12	0.88 (0.46–1.54)	38	1.24 (0.88–1.70)
Other diseases of arteries arterioles capillaries	16	1.68 (0.96–2.73)	35	1.80 (1.25–2.50)^*
Pneumonia and influenza	143	1.68 (1.42–1.98)^*	335	1.97 (1.76–2.19)^*
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	146	1.21 (1.03–1.43)^*	325	1.33 (1.19–1.48)^*
Stomach and duodenal ulcers	1	0.21 (0.01–1.19)	21	1.99 (1.23–3.03)^*
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis	25	1.92 (1.24–2.83)^*	86	2.58 (2.06–3.18)^*
Nephritis nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis	72	1.63 (1.28–2.05)^*	148	1.74 (1.47–2.05)^*
Complications of pregnancy childbirth puerperium	1	139.31 (3.53–776.21)^*	3	109.18 (22.51–319.06)^*
Congenital anomalies	2	1.3 (0.16–4.70)	8	2.29 (0.99–4.52)
Certain conditions originating in perinatal period	0	0 (0.00–710.71)	0	0 (0.00–319.96)
Symptoms signs and ill-defined conditions	31	1.25 (0.85–1.77)	96	1.97 (1.59–2.40)^*
Accidents and adverse effects	81	1.53 (1.22–1.90)^*	185	1.66 (1.43–1.92)^*
Suicide and self-inflicted injury	7	0.8 (0.32–1.65)	67	3.03 (2.35–3.85)^*
Homicide and legal intervention	1	0.62 (0.02–3.48)	6	1.24 (0.45–2.69)
Other cause of death	498	1.54 (1.41–1.69)^*	1 160	1.91 (1.80–2.02)^*
^* P value less than .05.

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Causes of Death Following Gastric Cancer Diagnosis: A Population-Based Analysis

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