Children with Arteriovenous Malformations of the Central Nervous System: A Retrospective Study of 12 Pediatric Cases from a Single Tertiary Center in Slovenia

06 March 2022: Clinical Research

Ula Arkar ^1ABCDEF , Tina Vipotnik Vesnaver ^2BDE , Anja Troha Gergeli ^1BDE , Neli Bizjak ^1BD , Damjan Osredkar ^13ACDEG*

DOI: 10.12659/MSM.936240

Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e936240

Table 1 Summary of clinical characteristics of patients in our cohort.

Pt	Sex	Age	MH and FH	Location	Size [mm]	Spetzler-Martin grade
1	F	1Mo		Occipital lobe	N/A	N/A
2	M	1Y 6Mo	FH: Uncle epilepsy	Cerebellum	N/A	N/A
3	F	4Y 9Mo	FH: Great-grandmother, grandfather brain tumor	Temporo-occipital	9×5×5	II
4	F	7Y 8Mo	ARPKD, portal hypertension, nasal polypsFH: Father liver hemangioma	Occipital lobe	35×30×10	IV
5	F	7Y 11Mo		Parietal lobe	50×35×35	IV
6	M	8Y 11Mo		Medulla oblongata	35×20×20	III
7	M	9Y 11Mo		Thalamus, hippocampus	45×35×35	IV
8	F	11Y 10Mo		Cerebellum	11×8×10	II
9	F	12Y 11Mo	Asthma	Dorsal part of left thalamus	25×20×20	III
10	M	13Y 3Mo	Atopic dermatitis	Cervical spinal cord	60×18×20	/
11	M	14Y 3Mo	Asthma, suspected migraine	Cervical spinal cord	25×14×10	/
12	M	16Y 4Mo	JRA, serous meningitisFH: Mother epilepsy and migraine	Frontal lobe	25	II

1	ICH	US	Surgery	No	Death	6
2	ICH	MR	Surgery	Yes	None	4.5
3	ICH	CT	Conservative	/	None	0
4	Asymptomatic	MR	Conservative	/	None	2
5	ICH	CT	Embolization	No	Hemiparesis	2
6	ICH	CT	Embolization	No	None	5.5
7	Focal deficit	MR	Embolization	No	Hemiparesis, troubles with coordination, nystagmus	1
8	ICH	CT	Surgery	No	Mild hemiparesis	0.5
9	ICH	CT	Embolization, Gamma knife	No	Hemiparesis, hemianopsia	1.5
10	Focal deficit	MR	Embolization	No	Severe hemiparesis, neurogenic bladder	6.5
11	Chronic headache	CT	Embolization	No	Mild hemiparesis	0.5
12	Epilepsy	CT	Surgery	Yes	None	11.5
M – male; F – female; D – days; Mo – Months; Y – years; MH – medical history; FH – family history; ICH – intracranial hemorrhage; ARPKD – autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease; JRA – juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.